Clinical Pathology is the study, knowledge, technical skills and necessary experience for effective practice of anatomic and clinical pathology. This includes improving knowledge of main pathological factors in the human body and the necessary skills to interpret the data and laboratory investigations, in addition to making clinical correlations between laboratory investigations and health status.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis and assessment including reviews and instructions of any diseases that require dealing with the results of laboratory investigations.
2. Basis of pathological factors in the human body from a physiological and clinical prospective.
3. Analysis, reading and examining results of laboratory investigations and clinical data.
4. Interpreting data of laboratory investigations and correlating them to the clinical state.
5. Practicing technical aspects in diagnostic laboratories.
6. Managing a laboratory and provide laboratory investigations.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

Specialty concerned with assisting the nursing staff in preparing the patient and preparing the operation room for safe surgery, and providing help for health practitioners during surgical operations, as they operate the Central Material Service, and responsible for preparing and maintaining the sterilized medical supplies and the special equipment for medical treatment facilities.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Anatomy and Organ functions.

2- Sterilization technique.

3- Surgical techniques.

4- Surgical techniques medications.

5- Patient care.

6- Surgical procedures.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

A specialty concerned with the improvement, improvement and development of teaching and learning processes for all students and health practitioners.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Curriculum design and training.
2. The foundations of learning and education for adults.
3. Evaluation, measurement and evaluation.
4. Study programs administration.
5. Study programs administration.

Master's degree, after obtaining an accredited bachelor's degree in a related field.

A specialty that is concerned with enabling individuals to improve their health status, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their health orientations and choices, and encouraging life skills that raise the health of the individual and society.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Health Education Principles.
2. Epidemiology.
3. community Health.
4. Practical methods of health education.
5. Health education in health services.
6. Nutrition and health education in diseases.
7. Media and its means in health education.
8. Health promotion.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

A specialty concerned with applying and evaluating the level of quality in health facilities and improving them through the optimal use of resources, in addition to promoting the concept of risk administration, which contributes to providing high quality health services and maintaining patient safety.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Health services quality administration.
2. Quality improvement in health organizations.
3. Institutional accreditation for health facilities.
4. Patient safety and risk administration.
5. Quality measurement and performance improvement.
6. Biostatistics.
7. Health care ethics.
8. Health policies.
9. hospitals and health facilities administration.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

A specialization concerned with providing the databases needed by the administration, which would assist in the planning and implementation process and provide solutions to problems that hinder the use of health informatics systems and applications.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Public health informatics.
2. Social and behavioral sciences.
3. Health information technology.
4. Human factors, social and technical systems.
5. Leadership.
6. data analysis.
7. Information technology risk administration.
8. Information and communication technology system (application).
9. Healthcare operations and IT integration.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

A specialty that is concerned with providing workers with scientific knowledge, administrative skills, and health information necessary to perform administrative and supervisory tasks and functions in organizations and health facilities with high quality, and this includes organizations, health facilities, and governmental, private, and charitable hospitals at their different levels.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. health facilities and hospitals administration.
2. Strategic Planning.
3. Health quality administration.
4. Health policies.
5. Public Health.
6. Leadership and administrative development.
7. Human Resources

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with the basic and advanced clinical procedures that assist the anesthesiologist in providing safe and effective care, the job of the anesthesia Specialist focuses on the technical aspects by inserting the Venous and Arterial catheter, Tracheal intubation, Airway treatment, assisting in preparing and giving medicines for each patient, and monitoring the physiological changes during the surgery.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Fundamentals of Anesthesia Technology.

2- Anesthesia instruments.

3- Anesthesia pharmacology.

4- Airway management.

5- Pediatric Anesthesia and Anesthesia for Labor.

6- Practice applied anesthesia.

7- Crisis Management in Anesthesia.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with treating diseases and injuries that require an urgent medical response, so it provides treatment in the incident location for those in need and it is responsible for transporting the patient to the next medical care point, such as the Hospital Emergency Department.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic emergency medical services.

2- Medical emergency.

3- Emergency Drugs.

4- Injuries and accidents emergencies.

5- Cardiopulmonary emergency.

6- Critical care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with individuals, families, and communities in an attempt to enhance social performance by processing the individuals’ and families’ needs, evaluating and creating plans and interventions to solve social and personal issues to impact the required social change.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Social service fundamentals.

2- Human behavior through the stages of life.

3- Human behavior and social environment.

4- Social service in the field of healthcare.

5- Clinical Social service for individuals and small groups.

6- Social Service for people with disabilities.

7- Psychological health and human behavior.

8- psychological disorders.

Certified Bachelor's Degree in the educational field with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with the scientific study of the human brain and how it affects human behavior (explicit behavior or implicit activity such as cognition or emotion) in order to understand, interpret, and predict such behavior and control it to treat various problems and cases relevant to the individuals and community. 

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

 1- Cognitive psychology.

2- Social psychology.

3- Developmental psychology.

4- Personality theories.

5- Psychometric methods.

6- Physiological psychology.

7- Statistics and research methods in Psychology.

8- Psychological health and Psychopathology.

9- Psychological intervention methods.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with evaluating the physical, biological, and chemical structure of food, preparing the data of patients’ daily meals and supervising their preparations, ensuring the fulfillment of the terms and specifications of nutrition contracts, receiving nutrients, and classifying them according to health requirements. It is also concerned with monitoring food production and food processing and applying food quality and safety systems.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

 1- Chemistry of food analysis.

2- Managing strategic processes.

3- Food safety and Microbiology.

4- Food developing and production.

5- Food components technology.

6- Food preparation science.

7- Applied Food Sciences.

8- Quality assurance principles.

9- Food engineering and processing.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with acceptable practical training for 3 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with the nourishment of healthy and sick patients in the field of healthcare and general fields including prevention, diagnosing, and nutrition awareness. In addition to managing health nutrition changes, metabolism relevant to diseases and critical and chronic cases, planning nutrition programs in public health policies, and applying controls that prevent diseases related to nutrition.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

 1- Healthcare systems.

2- Motherhood and childcare.

3- Clinical nutrition in physiological stress.

4- Clinical nutrition in chronic and critical diseases.

5- Principles of clinical nutrition.

6- Nutrition and life cycle.

7- Nutritional epidemiology.

8- Biochemistry in nutrition.

9- Nutrition in public health.

10- Evaluating the health nourishment state.

11- Nutrition education and patients’ guidance.

12- Tube feeding and parenteral nutrition.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with evaluating, diagnosing, and treating the disorders of speech, language, communication, and dysphagia.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

 1- Linguistics.

2- Acoustics.

3- Phonemics or the Physics of sound and pronunciation of sounds.

4- Neuroscience.

5- Evolution of speech and language.

6- Speech and pronunciation problems and vocal operations.

7- Study of bilinguals.

8- Hearing rehabilitation.

9- Fluency disorders.

10- Voice disorders.

11- Neurological disorders.

12- Motor speech disorders.

13- Audiology.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with hearing loss, diagnosing hearing and balance disorders, providing rehabilitation therapy in addition to adjusting and programming hearing aid and implanted hearing aid.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Hearing evaluation and diagnosing.

2- Hearing aids.

3- Cochlear and implanted hearing devices.

4- Physics of Sound.

5- Evaluating hearing physiology.

6- Hearing and linguistic evolution.

7- Evaluating and diagnosing balance disorders.

8- Treating and rehabilitating hearing and balance disorders.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with examining, treating, and following up on the diseases and problems of the Optical system, eyes’ problems or injuries, and parts connected to the eyes that don’t require surgical intervention. It is also concerned with sight corrective lenses.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Optical function.

2- Optical equipment.

3- Eye examination.

4- Eye malformation.

5- Contact lenses.

6- Optical microscope.

7- Visual impairment.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with evaluating, treating, and caring for respiratory system patients in critical and chronic cases in adults, children, and newborns. This includes treatment with oxygen and Bronchodilators such as sprays and aerosols, treatment of lung expansion and deflation, artificial respiration, and invasive and noninvasive ventilation. It also provides diagnostic and therapeutic services in the laboratory of lung functions and sleep disorders as it also assists in Bronchoscopy.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Diagnosing lung functions, sleep tests, and blood gas.

2- Respiratory disease management.

3- Medical gases.

4- Respiratory therapy.

5- Respiratory medications.

6- Artificial respiration.

7- Respiratory care for children and newborns.

8- Critical care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with Biomechanics, Physiological, and Neural mechanisms that drive human functions and performance. Kinesiology practices focus on evaluating human movement and performance, rehabilitating, and managing it for its maintenance and enhancement.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Human motor behavior.

2- Biomechanics.

3- Exercise physiology.

4- Neuromuscular integration for human kinesiology.

5- Exercise test and medical prescription.

6- Disability of physical activity.

7- Motor experiments for children.

8- Prevention of sports injuries.

9- Geriatric, health, and community.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with diagnosing, treating, and preventing of diseases, defects, and injuries of the foot and ankle.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Applied health sciences for Podiatry.

2- Fundamentals and principles of Podiatry.

3- Podology.

4- Podiatric Anatomy.

5- Feet care of diabetic patients and wound care.

6- Human Biology.

7- Pharmacology.

8- Pathology.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with evaluating the daily life skills in individuals who suffer from physical, nervous, or cognitive problems, then intervening by developing their abilities and recovering such abilities as it was before or maintaining them from declining and deteriorating. Occupational therapy specialists focus on defining and removing environmental barriers which increase the independence of the patient and his participation in daily activities.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Evaluating and rehabilitating Neuropathology diseases and injuries.

2- Evaluating and rehabilitating Bone and Muscular diseases and injuries.

3- Evaluating and rehabilitating Childhood diseases and injuries.

4- Evaluation and treatment of Critical Care.

5- Evaluation and intervention of psychological diseases.

6- Evaluation and rehabilitation of burns.

7- Evaluate and adjust the environment of the client.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with enhancing optimal physical function through assisting individuals to maintain, recover, and enhance their mobility, activity, and physical function, therefore reaching optimal performance and enhancing health and quality of life. Physiotherapy is provided for individuals of all ages who suffer or might suffer from disabilities, activity limitations, movement limitations, or pain in any of the body parts such as the Musculoskeletal system and Neuromuscular system.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Neuropathology disease rehabilitation

2-   Bone and Muscular disease rehabilitation.

3- Childhood disease rehabilitation.

4- Cardiac and lung disease rehabilitation.

5- Geriatric disease rehabilitation.

6- Therapeutic exercises.

7- Kinesiology.

8- Hydrotherapy.

9- Electrotherapy.

10. Injury science.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with the scientific study of individuals and families who are at risk of suffering from a genetic condition, examining the existing problem in the family, interpreting the information regarding the genetic disorder, analyzing the genetic pattern, occurrence risk or repetition, and reviewing the available options for the individuals or families in a manner that reinforces the best choice. Genetic consultants assist individuals in understanding the medical, psychological, and family effects of how genetics contribute to the disease and how to cope with it. In addition to explaining genetic test results, prevention, medical management, and diagnosing options before birth.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Biochemical genetics.

2- Fundamentals of genetics.

3- Animal models of human disease.

4- Cancer genetics.

5- Gene therapy.

6- Genetic anatomy of complex traits.

7- Genetics of Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases.

8- Non-mendelian genetics.

9- Bioinformatics.

10- Behavioral genetics.

11- Neurogenetics.

12- Genomics.

13- Principles of Genetic Counseling.

Master’s Degree obtained after a certified Bachelor’s Degree relevant to the field.

Specialty concerned with applying the One Health Concept across all specialties that intersect directly or indirectly, as it effectively assists in taking precautionary and preventive measures.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic science.

2- Structure and functions of the human body.

3- Medical microbiology.

4- Epidemiology.

5- Public health.

6- Measures, protocols, and drafting preventive policies.

7- Comprehensive quality standards and occupational safety

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with applying different diagnostic protocols in the field of forensic medicine to assist in examining crime exhibits using modern and advanced technologies.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic science.

2- Structure and functions of the human body.

3- Clinical chemistry.

4- Medical toxicology.

5- Molecular biology.

6- Forensic science.

7- Histopathologic and cytologic techniques.

8- Laboratory management, comprehensive quality, and occupational safety.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing healthcare and services related to orthotics or prosthetics (electrical, mechanical) for patients who suffer from problems or loss of organs or body parts. It is also concerned with designing, developing, and reaching the optimal usage of orthotics and prosthetics.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Anatomy.

2- Kinesiology.

3- Design and manufacture upper limb orthotics.

4- Design and manufacture lower limb orthotics.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing the required services for the efficiency of operating medical devices, systems, and tools, in addition to managing, designing, developing, testing, maintaining, and reaching optimal usage. It is also concerned with planning and evaluating the technologies and medical devices in health facilities and their integration.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- introduction to Physiology.

2- Medical photography systems.

3- Medical control systems.

4- Medical devices ad their basic regulations.

5- Fundamentals of electrical circuits analysis.

6- Biomaterial.

7- Biomechanics.

8- Medical safety.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing healthcare services by using medical devices that assist in diagnosing or treating cardiovascular disease through examinations and cardiography in addition to echocardiography, angiography, cardiac catheterization, and using relevant techniques under the request of a certified health practitioner.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic knowledge of cardiovascular technology.

2- Radiographic anatomy and functions of the human body.

3- Radiology Physics

4- Practices and safety measures for radiation.

5- Medical photography methods and cardiography.

6- Medical photography devices and cardiography.

7- Medical photography archiving.

8- Mechanical competencies in using technology, techniques, and specialized equipment to manage patient care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with applying physics principles in clinical medicine in the treatment and diagnostic fields and measuring radiation doses, in addition to preventing medical workers and patients from the radiations resulting from radiation sources and ensuring the high quality of medical images from radiation and non-radiation equipment in the radiology department and nuclear medicine

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Structure and functions of the human body.

2- Radiation principles, features, measuring units, concepts, and methods of measuring the doses in the radiology departments, nuclear medicine, and radiotherapy.

3- Practices and safety measures for radiation including defining the requirements of protection from radiation in the photography departments and radiotherapy.

4- Biological effects of radiation and its applications in radiation safety and radiotherapy.

5- Principles used in the laws and regulations relevant to the clinical path.

6- Operation principles of diagnostic radiation equipment, nuclear medicine, and radiotherapy.

Certified bachelor's degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing medical care services by using radiotherapy equipment and medical photography to assist in diagnosing and treatment, by using radiation photography and relevant techniques to produce diagnostic images according to a request from a certified medical practitioner.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic science.

2- Radiological Anatomy and Functions of the Human Body.

3- Handling radioactive material.

4- Radiological Physics.

5- Practices and measures of radiation safety.

6- Medical photography methods and CT scans.

7- Medical photography devices.

8- Medical photography archiving.

9- Mechanical competencies in using technology, techniques, and specialized equipment to manage patient care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing medical care services by using radiotherapy equipment to assist in diagnosing and treating cancer patients, by radiotherapy and relevant techniques to produce a treatment plan according to a request from a certified medical practitioner.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic science.

2- Radiological Anatomy and Functions of the Human Body.

3- Radiological Physics.

4- Planning methods and measuring radiation therapy doses.

5- Practices and measures of radiation safety.

6- Medical photography methods used in Radiotherapy.

7- Medical photography devices and Radiotherapy equipment.

8- Radiotherapy archiving systems.

9- Mechanical competencies in using technology, techniques, and specialized equipment to manage patient care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing medical care through using radiological equipment and medical photography to assist in diagnosing or treatment, by using radiation photography and relevant technologies to produce diagnostic images according to a request from a certified medical practitioner.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic science.

2- Radiological Anatomy and Functions of the Human Body.

3- Radiological Physics.

4- Radiological Safety Measures.

5- Medical Photography Methods.

6- Medical Photography Devices.

7- Medical Photography Archiving.

8- Mechanical competencies in using technology, techniques, and specialized equipment to manage patient care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with applying all certified laboratory standards and using all laboratory technologies in all different laboratory departments including Medical Microbiology Department, Clinical Chemistry Division, Allergy and Immunology, Hematology, Blood Transfusion Department and Blood Bank, Medical Genetics, Technology department of Histology and Cytology. This is according to applying all the different diagnostic protocols in the field of medicine to assist doctors in diagnosing different diseases.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic science.

2- Structure and functions of the human body.

3- Medical Microbiology.

4- Clinical Chemistry.

5- Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

6- Medical Genetics.

7- Hematological Pathology.

8- Blood Transfusion and Blood Bank.

9- Technology of Histology and Cytology.

10- Laboratory management, comprehensive quality, and occupational safety.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training that is not less than 12 months under specialized supervision in the same field and in a facility where the required inputs and tasks to practice the profession in this certain specialty are available.

Specialty concerned with providing the required support, care, and advisory during pregnancy, during and after delivery including delivery, providing care for newborns, and promoting natural birth. Also discovering the complications that the mother and child may face. Obtaining medical care or other suitable care in addition to executing emergency measures. Midwifery also has an important role in the field of health awareness and education, not only for women but also for families and the community. This includes education before birth and parenting preparation, and it could extend to women’s health, sexual and reproductive health, and childcare. Midwifery is practiced anywhere including homes, the community, hospitals, community, and clinics or health units.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic delivery skills, caring for newborns, gynecology, and public health.

2- Basic and specialized skills before giving birth and pregnancy, during labour, and the period after natural birth.

3- Basic clinical competencies in caring for mothers and newborns (newborn children) until two months of age.

4- Documentation of the evaluation results and interventions provided to women and newborns in addition to reporting critical conditions.

5- Health awareness relevant to the culture of the society to promote healthy family life and pregnancy, the methods of birth control, and positive parenting.

6- Health education for mothers and promoting family and public health.

7- Define, plan, provide, and evaluate the care relate to the care and guidance before and after menopause (Hope stage).

8- Provide individual care in consideration of the community culture in respect of abortion according to the laws, regulations, and national policies applied.

9- Communication, cooperation, and collective work to facilitate safe and effective care for mother and child.

10- Safety mechanisms and infection control.

11- Leadership and quality.

12- Standards of professional practices and guiding principles in healthcare.

13- Utilizing information technology and electronic resources to support the mother and child so they receive care wherever they are.

Certified Bachelor’s Degree.

A specialty concerned with independent and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities whether they are sick or healthy, everywhere. Also, promote health and disease prevention, and caring for patients, the disabled, and those who are dying. The specialty also includes enhancing a safe environment, research, and participating in shaping health policy, managing patients’ systems, health, and learning from the Core nursing roles.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1- Basic learning skills.

2- Basic clinical competencies.

3- Evaluation, analysis, and preparation of nursing care plans.

4- Documentation of evaluation results and provided interventions.

1- Effective communications.

2- Critical thinking and clinical judgment based on evidence and proof.

3- Scientific Research.

4- Nursing professional ethics.

5- Health education and promoting public health.

6- Safety mechanisms and infection control.

7- Leadership and quality.

8- Standards of professional practices and guiding principles in healthcare and nursing.

9- Utilizing information technology and electronic resources to support and provide high-quality nursing care.

Certified Bachelor's Degree with an Internship year or acceptable practical training at internal nursing departments in certified health facilities.

A specialty concerned with maintenance of dental hygiene through promoting perfect practices and applying preventive and therapeutic patterns according to the prescription of the dentist.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Principles of population dental hygiene.
2. Follow safety terms in dental imaging.
3. Diagnosis and treatment of gingiva and periodontic tissues.
4. Clinical treatment of gingiva and periodontic tissues.
5. Effect of drugs and diseases on dental hygiene.
6. Promoting general dental hygiene.
7. Organizing community cultural activities on dental hygiene.

An approved bachelor of four years duration, along with an internship year (12 months).

A specialty concerned with preparation of devices, dental, facial and maxillomandibular alternatives according to a prescription of the dentist.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Occlusion borders.
2. Mandibular motor function.
3. Materials in dental technology.
4. Infection control and sterilization in the dental laboratory.
5. Safety regulations in dental laboratories.
6. Safe use of laboratory equipment and dental materials.
7. Preparing devices, dental, facial and maxillomandibular alternatives.

An approved bachelor of four years duration, along with an internship year (12 months).

A specialty concerned with the inspection and assessment of evidence that are related to dentistry to help legal authorities with criminal and civil procedures.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Knowledge of legal and moral legislations and procedures.
2. Study of cranium, facial and maxillomandibular bones.
3. Identifying identity through advanced applied and radiological sciences.
4. Disaster victim identification (DVI).
5. Dental anatomy.
6. Age determination technologies.
7. Prepare and analyze injury reports.
8. Study of facial injuries and bruises and bite effects.
9. Determination of identity using modern technologies and evidence gathering.
10. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with providing full dental care for the elderly. It includes prevention of oral diseases related to advanced age.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Oral symptoms related to genetic, organic and immunological diseases of the elderly.
2. Knowledge of geriatrics and pharmacology sciences.
3. Making treatment plans for the elderly.
4. Activate preventive diseases of geriatric oral hygiene.
5. Choose the dental materials that are appropriate for the elderly.
6. Diagnosis and treatment of dental caries in the elderly.
7. Prevention of dental caries.
8. Treatment of root and root canal diseases.
9. Design removable and fixed dental prosthesis.
10. Care and maintenance of dental prosthesis.
11. Treatment of geriatric dental emergency.
12. Treatment of cases under anesthesia.
13. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with full therapeutic and preventive care for pediatric mouth and teeth from birth until the age of adolescence, including cases with special needs.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis of oral diseases.
2. Growth and development of oral and maxillofacial bones.
3. Dentoskeletal malocclusion.
4. Full care of pediatric teeth.
5. Treatment of root canal.
6. Oral diseases and hereditary and acquired cases.
7. Effect of systemic diseases on the mouth and teeth.
8. Oral and dental injuries care.
9. Orofacial pains.
10. Methods of behavioral guidance of pediatrics.
11. Pharmacology and non-pharmacological interventions.
12. Anesthesia and pain relief techniques.
13. Care of cases with special needs.
14. Pediatrics.
15. Treatment of dental pediatric emergency cases.
16. Dental, facial and maxillomandibular x-ray and digital imaging.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with providing full and preventive dental care in conjunction with advanced care for all age groups.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Fighting and patterns of prevention of dental caries.
2. Dental and facial plastic surgery.
3. Direct and indirect dental repairs.
4. Diagnosis and treatment of gingival issued related to dental repairs.
5. Root and root canal treatment.
6. Emergency dental pulp cases.
7. Dental injuries.
8. Temporomandibular joint disorders.
9. Design dental prosthesis.
10. Removable and fixed dental prosthesis.
11. Dental implants.
12. Occlusion dysfunction.
13. Pediatric dental care and orthodontics.
14. Patients of different age groups.
15. Patients with health issues.
16. Patients with special needs.
17. Biotic dental materials.
18. Dental technology in dentistry.
19. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with prevention and control of dental diseases and promoting dental hygiene on the community level through organized efforts.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Epidemiology of oral hygiene and diseases.
2. Biostatistics.
3. Behavioral science.
4. Environmental health.
5. Healthcare policy and its management.
6. Assessment of healthcare systems.
7. Measuring oral hygiene state and its determinants.
8. Knowhow of providing preventive services related to dental hygiene.
9. Oral hygiene and general health.
10. Design, implement, monitor and assess oral hygiene programs.
11. Analysis of community/ population requirements related to oral hygiene.
12. Acquaintance of following moral standards in oral hygiene programs.
13. Acquaintance of making recommendations and strategies to help decision makers.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of maxillomandibular, orofacial, head and neck disorders, including prevention. It includes understanding the course of pathophysiology.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Behavioral and psychiatric factors that contribute to oral and facial pains.
2. Temporomandibular joint disorders.
3. Masticatory apparatus disorders.
4. Vascular neuralgia.
5. Neuralgia and nerve dysfunction.
6. Myalgia and ostealgia.
7. Sleep physiology and dysfunction.
8. Oral movement disorders.
9. Neurobiology of pain transmission and mechanisms.
10. Referred pain.
11. Neuropsychological immunology and chronic pain.
12. Oral and facial pain and dysfunction.
13. Primary and secondary headache.
14. Oral and facial pain arising from the teeth.
15. Craniofacial pain and dysfunction.
16. Oral systems.
17. Surgical and non-surgical treatment of orofacial pain.
18. Pharmacology and pharmacotherapy of orofacial pain.
19. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with protective care of oral hygiene for patients with advanced medical conditions and diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Culture tests.
2. Biopsy (Body tissue examination).
3. Orofacial pains.
4. Oral mucous membrane disorders.
5. Salivary gland disorders.
6. Orthodontic and dentofacial tumors.
7. Oral sensory neuron disorders.
8. Temporomandibular joint and masticatory apparatus.
9. Pharmacology.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Embryological and genetic factors that affect the oral and maxillofacial areas.
2. Microscopic and histological features of oral and maxillofacial areas.
3. The relationship of oral and maxillofacial diseases to general health.
4. Oral and maxillofacial symptoms associated with oral and maxillofacial areas.
5. Oral and maxillofacial tumors.
6. Surgical oral diseases.
7. Oral related histology.
8. Histological clinical diagnosis.
9. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with preparing and reading radiological medical imaging studies used in diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases and injuries.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Head and neck anatomy.
2. Oral and maxillofacial diseases.
3. Clinical symptoms of head and neck diseases that are related to systemic diseases.
4. Head and neck tumors.
5. Radiation physics and biology.
6. Protection from medical radiation.
7. Oral and maxillofacial diagnostic imaging techniques.
8. Intraoral imaging.
9. Panoramic, cephalometric (head measurement) and cranial projective imaging.
10. Cone beam CT imaging.
11. Volumetric imaging.
12. Detective CT imaging.
13. MRI imaging.
14. Diagnostic ultrasonography.
15. Nuclear medical imaging.
16. Limits of available imaging patterns.
17. Reading radiological studies.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with surgical treatment of orofacial and maxillomandibular diseases and injuries that affect the physiological and aesthetic aspects.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Cases and deformities of oral and maxillofacial areas.
2. Symptoms of systemic disease in the oral and maxillofacial areas.
3. Oral and maxillofacial infections.
4. Oral and maxillofacial tumors.
5. Temporomandibular joint disorders.
6. Masticatory system disorders.
7. Oral and maxillofacial injuries.
8. Orthognathic surgery.
9. Reconstructive surgery.
10. Plastic surgery.
11. Orofacial pain.
12. General anesthesia, analgesia and anesthesia techniques.
13. Advanced CPR.
14. Medical emergency cases.
15. Acquaintance of risks associated with maxillofacial surgery.
16. Pharmacology related to the specialty.
17. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis and performing surgical and non-surgical treatment for oral and dental diseases.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

a) Pathological disorders that involve oral soft and hard tissues.

b) Odontogenic and other oral infections.

c) Oral and dental alveolar tissue diseases.

d) Orofacial pain.

e) Dental alveolar injuries including soft tissue injury.

f) Analgesia and anesthesia techniques.

g) Dental, oral and dental alveolar tissues surgical procedures.

h) Management of emergency cases related to the specialty.

i) Acquaintance of pharmacotherapy.

j) Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis and rectification of malocclusion and growing or fully grown orthodontic skeletal deformities.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Knowledge of biomechanics, materials science and properties.
2. Knowhow of speech diseases and their diagnosis.
3. Acquaintance of growth and development physiology.
4. Growth assessment using clinical and radiological technologies.
5. Dentofacial Growth and deformities.
6. Dentoskeletal variation.
7. Plastic surgical procedures.
8. Dentofacial rectification
9. Congenital and functional malocclusion.
10. Orthodontic treatment stages.
11. Temporomandibular joint disorders.
12. Fixed and removable devices.
13. Mutual relationship between gingiva and orthodontics.
14. Devices design and biomechanics.
15. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with using an advanced technology for general and local anesthesia to relieve pain and facilitate dental operations using pharmacological and non-pharmacological alternatives.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Scientific basis of dental anesthesia (spinal and general anesthesia).
2. Choose the appropriate procedures for each patient.
3. Preanesthetic assessment.
4. Patient assessment technologies.
5. Technologies used in dental anesthesia (local, spinal and general anesthesia).
6. Multiple cases of altered conscious level that are associated to general and spinal anesthesia.
7. Risks of different used techniques.
8. Knowledge of clinical/ surgical preparation for different techniques.
9. Used pharmaceutical prescriptions and their side effects.
10. Treatment of acute medical emergency cases.
11. Equipment used for patient monitoring.
12. Criteria of resuscitation and discharge.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis and cure of diseases and injuries of the pulp, roots and endodontic tissues using advanced technologies.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Inflammatory and immune processes in oral health and diseases.
2. Pathophysiology related to pulp/ endodontic tissues.
3. Management of pulp/ endodontic cases in primary and permanent teeth.
4. Facial and oral pains.
5. Dental injuries and the related complications.
6. Live endodontic cure.
7. Root canals preparation.
8. Endodontic emergency cases.
9. Surgical and non-surgical endodontic procedures.
10. Acquaintance of endodontic retreatment.
11. Endodontic technologies.
12. Devices and materials concerned with endodontic cure.
13. Radiological/ digital imaging.
14. Microscopic technology.
15. Regenerative treatment of endodontics.
16. Gingival complications related to endodontics.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with the prevention and treatment of advanced dental caries.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Etiology of dental caries and their prevention.
2. Non-surgical and minor surgical treatment strategies of dental caries.
3. Deep carious dental lesions.
4. Acute and chronic dental caries.
5. Direct and indirect dental repairs.
6. Treatment of live root canal.
7. Dental and facial plastic surgery.
8. Conservative and non-conservative plastic repairs.
9. Dental defects (hereditary and acquired).
10. Tooth discoloration (hereditary and acquired).
11. Loss of dental surfaces.
12. Temporomandibular joint disorders.
13. Dental injuries.
14. Design and prepare dental prosthesis, crowns, bridges and dental implants.
15. Occlusion and occlusion dysfunction.
16. Relation between gingiva and repairs.
17. Dentistry materials.
18. Digital dentistry.
19. Dental x-ray and digital imaging related to the specialty.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of periodontic tissues and their alternatives through advanced and surgical technologies to maintain dental health and functions.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Surgical procedures and healing.
2. Tissue repair and renewal.
3. Gingival diseases and cases.
4. External and pathological factors that cause gingival diseases.
5. Periodontal and mucosal gingival surgery and dental implants.
6. Preventive and/ or interceptive treatment.
7. Surgical and non-surgical treatment of gingival diseases.
8. Relation between gingival state and dental health.
9. Gingival treatment along with dental rectification.
10. Gingival treatment along with dental pulp lesions.
11. Biotic materials of dental implants and biological engineering.
12. Dental implant surgery.
13. Treatment of gingiva that surround dental implants.
14. Maintain dental implants.
15. Emergency treatment of periodontic tissues.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with the rehabilitation of the functions of the dental, oral, maxillomandibular and surrounding tissues as a result of their loss or damage by using biocompatible alternatives.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Articulation issues and their rectification.
2. Swallowing issues and their rectification.
3. Dental and facial plastic surgery.
4. Oral and facial pains and temporomandibular joint disorders.
5. Occlusion and occlusion dysfunction.
6. Dental, facial and maxillomandibular rehabilitation.
7. Geriatric considerations in compensatory care.
8. Design dental, facial and maxillomandibular prosthesis.
9. Removable dental prosthesis.
10. Fixed dental prosthesis.
11. Dental implants.
12. Facial and maxillomandibular prosthesis.
13. Sleep disorders and their rectification.
14. Digital technology in dentistry.
15. X-ray and digital diagnostic radiology.

Obtaining, after bachelor of dentistry, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with providing primary care for the mouth and teeth through simple preventive and therapeutic procedures.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

Diagnosis and therapeutic planning:

1. Reding medical data and diagnostic images.
2. Making a diagnostic and therapeutic and/ or referral plan.
3. Management of emergency dental cases.
4. Knowledge of the effect of systemic diseases on the oral and dental health.

Maintenance of oral and dental health:

1. Assessment of full oral healthcare results.
2. Prevention of oral and dental diseases in different age groups.
3. Diagnosis and treatment of simple oral and dental diseases.
4. Treatment of oral and dental pains.
5. Treatment and prevention of mild gingival disorders.
6. Treatment of root and root canal diseases.
7. Performing extraction of primary teeth.
8. Applying full infection control.
9. Fighting dental caries.
10. Performing preventive measures and odontoplerosis.
11. Replacement of lost primary teeth.
12. Management of emergency dental pulp cases.

An approved bachelor of five years duration, along with an internship year (12 months).

A specialty that uses molecular tracking tools (usually labelled with radioactive atoms) for diagnosis and treatment. Such tracking tools are usually used for producing images that provide for information about the organ function, in addition to the cell function on the molecular level (molecular imaging). The most common medical applications for nuclear medicine include early diagnosis of coronary heart disease, diagnosis of cancer, determining the disease stages and assessment of the effect of cancer treatment.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. All types of nuclear radiological imaging and correlating them to clinical aspects and understanding all the related sciences.
2. Essential skills in the specialty including risk assessment for different age groups and cases.
3. Making a differential diagnosis for each case and knowing its most appropriate radiological option
4. Management of patients inside the imaging suite and how to manage urgent unexpected cases such as CPR and others.
5. Writing medical reports in a clear understandable manner, so that the medical decision can be taken according to the same.
6. Assessment of the patient’s need for radiology and contrasts and their methods of use and injection.

Obtaining, after Bachelor of Medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

Microbiology is a branch of medical sciences concerned with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. This scientific field studies different clinical applications of microorganisms to improve health.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis and assessment including reviews and instructions of any diseases that require dealing with medical microorganisms.
2. Biology, disease etiology and main symptoms.
3. Proper methods for collecting, handling, and transporting clinical samples, especially high-risk samples.
4. Health and safety requirements of microbiology laboratories.
5. Reading the laboratory diagnosis of bacterial diseases using conventional, semi-automatic and automatic methods. This includes preparing media and antibiotics studies.
6. All main new technologies that are available in microbiology, based on DNA technologies (for example, PCR), monoclonal antibodies, knowing the technology, integrating laboratory technologies and choosing the appropriate method to reach a clinical diagnosis.
7. Local infection control methods, including the spread of infection, its management in the hospital and the community health along with understanding the principles of patient isolation and applying them.

Obtaining, after Bachelor of Medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with blood transfusion and all aspects of collection, testing, preparation, storage and prescreening transfusion. This includes posttransfusion follow-up, indications for injection and infusion, and the safety of its components

non-human and synthetic products and alternatives that involve DNA technology.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis and therapeutic aspects including reviews and instructions of immunohematology and blood storage.
2. Related histocompatibility, molecular biology and biotechnology.
3. Indications and complications related to using blood products.
4. Management of the medical laboratory and blood center including quality, safety and regulatory aspects.
5. Ensure the appropriate use of blood, ensure adequate supply and supervise the provision of a safe and effective blood supply.

Supervise the blood bank and provide human cells and tissues therapeutic products for the purposes of organ transplantation.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnostic radiology and its use in diagnosis and treatment of diseases that involve the human body. It relies on multiple different technologies in radiological imaging and is not only limited to imaging but also includes different medical and surgical interventions.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. All types of radiological imaging and correlating them to the clinical aspects and understanding all the related sciences.
2. Necessary skills in the specialty, including assessment of risks for different age groups and cases.
3. Making differential diagnosis for each case and knowing its most appropriate radiological option.
4. Management of patients inside the imaging suite, including how to manage urgent unexpected cases such as CPR and others.
5. Writing medical reports in a clear understandable manner, so that the medical decision can be taken according to the same. Moreover, to know how to verbally convey the same in emergency cases to contribute to life saving.

Assessment of the patient’s need for radiology and contrasts and their methods of use and injection.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

Anatomic Pathology is the study of organs, tissues and cells in physiological and pathological cases. Further, it includes the study of the body and its anatomy, diagnosis and histological reading of tissues, cancer cells and identifying the stages of cancer cases

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis and assessment including reviews and instructions of any diseases that require diagnosis through histological reading.
2. Acquaintance of methods of surgical samples collection.
3. Skills in dealing with the microscope to read the histological tissues in diseases that require surgical intervention.
4. Principles of tissue fixation and processing and performing special and common pigments.
5. Basic skills in clinical, radiological and other laboratory data integration, in order to provide the best diagnosis according to reading of histological tissues.

Advising and recommending to perform additional medical investigations or procedures that help reach the appropriate treatment.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with clinical and laboratory examination, diagnosis and medical care of diseases of blood and blood forming tissues.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis and assessment including reviews and instructions of any diseases that are related to tissued forming the blood.
2. Determining the difference between physiological and pathological cases related to hematological and lymphatic systems.
3. Diagnosis and providing healthcare in hematological disorders/ tumors.
4. Pathophysiology and diagnosis of incurable hematological tumors of pediatrics and adolescents.
5. Providing the appropriate methods of diagnosis and treatment of a person with iron related disorders.
6. Indications and complications related to using blood products.

Basic skills in clinical, radiological and other laboratory data integration, in order to provide the best diagnosis according to reading of blood tests results.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with primary and secondary, central and peripheral and musculoskeletal neuropathology.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Full knowledge of all theoretical sciences of neuropathology specialty.
2. Knowing diagnostic options of neurological diseases, tumors, inflammatory disorders, and neurological pains and acquaintance of all their aspects through reading their histology.
3. Acquaintance of neuropathology sciences, its aspects, methods of samples collection, skills in dealing with the microscope, tissue fixation and processing and performing pigments.
4. All drugs that affect the nervous system, drugs that contradict them, their interactions in the body, and the symptoms that result from some of them.
5. Radiological diagnostic options and laboratory investigations related to neurological diseases and considering the neural tissues to study dementia and investigating hereditary cases.
6. Combining clinical, radiological and laboratory cases to provide the best diagnosis according to the results of neural histological reading.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty that focuses on determining the cause of death through dead body examination. Dissection is performed by a forensic physician who studies all possible causes of death according to the available data. Such cases are usually performed through investigation in cases of criminal and civil laws.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. All theoretical sciences of forensic medicine and acquaintance of the same.
2. Criminal and legal sciences of such specialty.
3. Skill of investigating deaths and everything related to them, including determining the time, hour and causes of death.
4. Necessary skills to practice the specialty, including toxicology and psychiatric sciences such as violence and suicide.
5. Surgical skills and interventions that are required for the practice of forensic medicine.
6. Making follow-up plans for cases and involving the necessary competent authorities and their medical needs.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with dealing with diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases and injuries that are related to work.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Health assessment of personnel, which includes their physical and psychological health status.
2. Periodic medical monitoring of personnel in case there is a possibility that an employee has been exposed to adverse health effects in the workplace.
3. Infection prevention and control in the workplace, including vaccinations and personal protective equipment.
4. Ability to diagnose, assess and make a complete treatment plan, including reviews and instructions of any diseases and injuries related to work or work environment.
5. Scope of environmental pollution, toxins and radiation control and promoting the work environment.
6. Assessment of disability and absence from work and return to work after a disease or an injury.
7. Making plans and being prepared for emergency cases at work.
8. Travel medicine and prevention of diseases and injuries on travelling.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty that combines knowledge and skills related to the population health and those related to clinical practice. This includes the skills that are essential for facing challenges that affect the population health, including promoting, protecting and maintaining health. This is in addition to morbidity, disabilities and mortality prevention and control of chronic diseases.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Basic knowledge of preventive medicine, in addition to the necessary skills to apply such knowledge on a wide group of population health issues in social, economic, political and environmental aspects where they take place.
2. Assessment of population health determinants, which includes income, environment, sex, education, social support systems, healthy behaviors and obtaining healthcare.
3. Integration of health determinants into research methodologies, data presentations, and analytics, as well as developing strategies that improve population health.
4. Providing preventive care and promoting health for all community individuals, including vaccinations, early tests to recognize diseases before their appearance, in addition to smoking cessation, premarital tests and travel medicine.
5. Describing normal history, epidemiology, risk factors, health and economic burdens that are related to infectious and non-infectious diseases and injuries.
6. Scope of infection control and applying it on procedures and policies to reduce risks and prevent the spread of epidemics.
7. Scope of environmental pollution control and applying it on procedures and policies to reduce risks and maintain the community health.
8. Designing, implementing and assessing comprehensive monitoring and survey systems related to community health.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with health promotion, disease prevention and management of community and population health. This includes the combination of promotion, protection and improvement of communities or population health. It is a blend of sciences, skills and values that function through community activities and include programs and services that aim at health protection and improvement of all population.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Critical thinking skills related to public health sciences: behavioral and social sciences, biostatistics, epidemiology, environmental public health, demography, health in workplace, prevention of chronic and infectious diseases, psychiatric issues and injuries.
2. Providing preventive care and promoting health for all family and community members, including vaccinations, early tests to recognize diseases before their appearance, in addition to smoking cessation, premarital tests and travel medicine.
3. Information gathering, assessment, analysis and application (including data, facts, concepts and theories) in order to make evidence-based decisions. Further, to prepare budgets and reports conduct investigations and make recommendations for the development of policies and programs.
4. Team building, communication, negotiation and cooperation skills for the purpose of seeking health promotion.
5. The impact of biological, social, cultural, economic and material factors on the health and well-being of the individual and society.
6.  How to address population diversity on planning, implementing, and assessing public health programs and policies.
7. Leadership skills that build capabilities, improve performance, and enhance the quality of the work environment. It also enables organizations and communities to create, communicate and implement shared visions and values. 

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diagnosis, assessment and management of individuals of different ages that are physically injured or suffer from cognitive impairment and disability that includes diagnosis and treatment (function recovery) of patients with functionally disabled conditions that were disabled due to a disease, disorder or injury. Moreover, it includes comprehensive and multidisciplinary care that aims at complete recovery of the patient through meeting the individual’s physical, emotional, medical, occupational and social requirements. It also includes treatment of associated diseases and disabilities and preventing their complications

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Basic sciences of anatomy, motor system, nervous system and cardiovascular physiology.
2. Basics of ergonomics and applying it on clinical care, in addition to kinetics and kinetic studies in respect with their relation to walking, activity and biomechanics in sport and exercises.
3. Basic sciences of clinical and molecular genetics and geriatrics and their effect on the physiology and microbiology of inflammations, specifically the musculoskeletal system and the principles of nerve injury and repair.
4. Principles of pharmacology and includes pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes that occur with physical disabilities and the effect of pharmacological agents on patients with physical diseases and cognitive and behavioral disabilities, in addition to drugs with withdrawal effects.
5. Imaging techniques used in conditions of the musculoskeletal and neurological systems, including indications, contraindications and selection of the appropriate technique.
6. Principles of full medical assessment and possible rehabilitation in the full clinical scope and emergency and urgent medical management of involved patients.
7. Principles of management of pediatric special rehabilitation that include dysphagia, stuttering, neurogenic bladder, irritable bowel syndrome, sexual and reproductive health and dysfunction, fitness and well-being, convulsions and others.
8. Principles of perioperative and postoperative functional improvement and postoperative care of musculoskeletal system, in addition to principles of medical prescribing and management of prosthetics, spine and orthotics.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with geriatric diseases and focuses on healthcare of the elderly.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis, assessment and making a complete treatment plan including reviews and instructions of the elderly, communicate effectively with them, and compensate for auditory, visual and cognitive deficits.
2. Basic skills in multiaxial diagnosis including the biological, psychological and social formula in respect with its relation to the elderly.
3. Basic science in physiological geriatric changes in organ systems, sensory systems and perception.
4. Basic skills in pharmacology and geriatrics principles. This includes pharmacokinetics and side effects in the elderly, risks of polypharmacy and identification and prevention of drug interactions.
5. Basic skills in assessment and diagnosis of psychological disorders of the elderly, their effect on physiological state, morbidity and mortality, including: mood, psychotic, anxiety, cognitive and personality disorders and other diseases.
6. Basic techniques of psychotherapy and behavioral therapy, in addition to assessment of cultural and ethnic varieties of the elderly, acquaintance of family issues and providing care.
7. Basic skills in recognizing indications and contraindications for referring patients to physical, occupational, verbal or other rehabilitative therapies.
8. Evaluate and manage the care of patients at high risk for poor outcome from common cases such as deconditioning, stroke, hip fracture and dysphagia.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with neonates that suffer from a disease or need special medical care due to premature labor, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital malformations (congenital anomalies) and other diseases.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Cases of high-risk pregnancy and pathophysiology of common pregnancy and labor complications and their effect on pregnancy and the embryo.
2. Prenatal investigations, their indications, risks and advantages such as chorionic villus sampling, non-stress test, ultrasound, and others.
3. Understanding the effect of different maternal diseases on pregnancy, in addition to the effect of maternal drugs on the fetus.
4. Normal development of premature infants and available tests to assess neurodevelopmental outcomes.
5. All neonatal acute and chronic diseases.
6. Neonatal tumors.
7. Neonatal CPR.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of a wide group of pediatric diseases, methods of their prevention and child health promotion.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Taking full medical history, clinical examination, diagnosis and understanding of the child morbidity.
2. Assessment and follow-up of acute and chronic pediatric diseases.
3. Using preventive and therapeutic interventions of pediatrics effectively.
4. Assessment and diagnosis of pediatric oncological cases.
5. Health supervision, assessment of growth and development in pediatrics, prevention of disease through immunization, prevention of infection through education, promotion of a healthy environment and a healthy lifestyle.
6. Radiological diagnostic options and laboratory investigations related to pediatrics.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with emergency cases of different severity. It is the primary portal for sorting before the patient enters the hospital in critical and unscheduled cases, where the patients are divided into several areas according to the severity of the emergency symptom. Patients are then diagnosed, treated and transferred to the required specialty to complete the required care or dismiss them from the hospital and make reviews for them.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Ability to assess cases of injuries and accidents and urgent medical cases of different kinds and different age groups.
2. Ability to sort patients and determine priorities in the emergency environment during crises and others as well. This is in addition to the ability to form priorities for patients according to the disease severity.
3. CPR and its acquaintance for different groups and knowing the management of all types of thrombi whether cerebral, cardiac, pulmonary or others.
4. Making a full treatment plan for patients whether they are scheduled to be discharged, anesthetized or transferred, including the necessary medications, required reviews, and full instructions for the same.
5. Radiological diagnostic options and laboratory investigations related to emergency and critical cases.
6. Basic surgical skills in the management of emergency and critical cases.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with advanced or critical care of life or involved body organs of critically ill patients. Moreover, it includes treatment and diagnosis of critical care patients and performing essential medical interventions until they are medically stable.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Theoretical sciences related to critical care medicine practice.
2. Essential skills in practice such as diagnosis, assessment and making treatment and follow-up plans for critical cases.
3. Full knowledge of all treatment options and surgical interventions that are appropriate for each critically ill patient.
4. Full knowledge of all CPR sciences for different age groups of critical cases.
5. Ordering laboratory investigations and medical imaging, collecting samples and taking biopsies in order to reach medical diagnosis.
6. Acquaintance of methods of dealing with crises and disasters and how to make the necessary plans for the same and distribute cases according to their priority.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with anesthesiology and includes basic skills and sciences of patient’s anesthesia and care before and after surgical operations, labor and some specific surgical intervention.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Skills that are essential for practicing anesthesia and different treatment options of the specialty and competency to perform the same for different age groups.
2. Skills in clinical evaluation, taking history and medical diagnosis of most diseases and injuries for different age groups and knowing the appropriate medical options of anesthesia for them.
3. All risks resulting from anesthesia and the ability to make decisions for all types of anesthesia procedures.
4. Different methods of treatment and control of acute and chronic pains.
5. All types of drugs of analgesia and anesthesia.
6. Management of critical and ICU patients.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

Medical genetics is the study of genetic diseases, their etiology and how to prevent their recurrence.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis, assessment and making a complete treatment plan including reviews and instructions in any of the diseases related to genetic sciences and medicine.
2. Basic concepts of cell and molecular biology and human genetics.
3. Physiological description during stages of growth or pregnancy.
4. Recognizing common clinical phenotypes that generally appear in genetic and metabolic disorders.
5. Underlying biological/ molecular etiology of the disease.
6. Review, interpret and understand related laboratory data and results through genetic investigations and understand their clinical significance.
7. Basic skills in integrating other clinical, radiological and laboratory data to provide the best diagnosis based on results of histological examination.
8. Recommend additional medical investigations or procedures that help reach the appropriate healthcare.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, its specific secretions known as hormones. Moreover, it cares for stages of human growth, psychological or behavioral activities of metabolism and the biological processes resulting from hormones.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis, assessment and making a complete treatment plan including reviews and instructions in any of the diseases related to hormonal disorders.
2. Basic and advanced microbiology of endocrine glands, physiology and pathophysiology that provide the basis of understanding endocrinal disorders.
3. Basic information and scientific approaches to diagnose, treat and prevent endocrinal disorders, including pediatric endocrinal disorders.
4. Analysis, reading and diagnosis of endocrinal laboratory investigations results.
5. Diagnosis and assessment including reviews and instructions of common diseases such as Diabetes, Hypertension and hyperlipidemia, etc.
6. Treatment of common complications of all endocrinal diseases.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with diseases of allergy and immunology. It includes the study, diagnosis and treatment of health issues and immunological cases, including allergy and related symptoms and reactions. It also includes asthma, rhinitis, nasal sinuses issues or seasonal allergy and vaccinations, etc. Moreover, it includes interactions and reactions of drugs, food and others that threaten life. Furthermore, it includes immunological diseases that involve man.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis, assessment and making a complete treatment plan including reviews and instructions in any immunology and allergy sciences.
2. Basic sciences of anatomy, physiology, autoimmune diseases, immune mechanisms and cells involved in immune responses. This includes differentiation, origin, reception, interactions and secretion.
3. Basic sciences allergens and antigens including criteria that are not related to the disease, methods of measurement and avoidance of hypersensitivity and other immunological disturbances. This is in addition to microbiology and clinical immunology.
4. Basic skills in diagnosis methods used in immunology and clinical allergy sciences, including indications, contraindications, principles of application and methods of interpretation.
5. General principles and treatment methods used in clinical immunology.
6. Management of emergency and critical cases related to the immune system. This includes acute cases of hypersensitivity that involve multiple vital systems in the body.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with dealing with diagnosis, treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. It includes transmitted or acquired diseases whether at the hospital or in the community for all age groups.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis, assessment and making a complete treatment plan including reviews and instructions of any infectious diseases.
2. Providing urgent care for emergency cases.
3. Etiology, epidemiology, normal history and pathology of all infectious diseases.
4. Protection and prevention of infection and spread of infectious diseases.
5. Infection control and prevention inside hospitals and health facilities. This includes follow-up and treatment of infection of healthcare professionals during work.
6. Ordering laboratory investigations, medical imaging and taking samples and biopsies to reach the medical diagnosis.
7. Drugs, antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals. This includes limiting bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
8. Counseling in premarital tests to prevent sexually transmitted diseases between spouses.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

Rheumatology is concerned basically with immune disturbances of the skeletal system, soft tissues, autoimmune and vascular diseases and inherited connective tissue disorders.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following:

1. Diagnosis, assessment and making a complete treatment plan including reviews and instructions of any diseases of rheumatological diseases.
2. Differentiation of physiological or transient cases from pathological rheumatoid cases.
3. Radiological diagnostic options and laboratory investigations related to rheumatological diseases.
4. Management of emergency and critical cases related to rheumatological diseases.
5. Treatment of common complications of rheumatological diseases.
6. Prevention of rheumatological cases and promoting health.

Obtaining, after bachelor of medicine and surgery, a qualification or a clinical training program specialized for physicians that is not less than 24 months. It should also fulfill the minimum acceptable limit of practicing the specialty according to the standards and regulations of the commission at the time of submitting the professional registration application.

A specialty concerned with hematological diseases and disorders. It includes the study of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of hematological diseases. Moreover, it includes treatment of bleeding disorders, leukemias, RBCs disorders, bone marrow and stem cell transplantation. Further, it cares for physiological development of blood, bone marrow, blood vessels, spleen and lymph nodes.

Theoretical, practical, and procedural knowledge of the following: